| Abstract |
The city of Luena - Moxico province, eastern Angola: Latitude 11º 47 ', Longitude 19º 55' and Altitude 1357 m above sea level; Is continuously affected by water erosion (ravines) caused by the frequent precipitations that affect the area. The climate is characterized by average maximum temperatures between 25.7 ° C (June) and 30.4 ° C (September) and minimum temperatures between 9.2 ° C (June) and 16.2 ° C (January and February). The relationship between precipitation and evapotranspiration indicates a period of water deficit with an average duration of 6.5 months (May and October). The mean annual precipitation comprises the isoetes of 1200 and 1300 mm. Based on the classification of Köppen, Luena has a type of mesothermic, humid, dry season in winter (Cwa) - rainy season, well marked, abundant and violent. Given the phenomenon, work is done to minimize the impact, through several methods: the mechanic - construction of slopes on land or concrete; The biological - diversification of agricultural practices, reducing the impact of rainfall on the soil; Environmental education of the population, classification and description of the soils and the predominant type of vegetation and mapping of the vegetation type on a scale of 1: 1 000 000 or 1: 250 000. In order to mitigate water erosion, To discourage the rural population from burning vegetation and planting forest trees: Acacia mangium, Acacia-rubra (Delonix regia); Locally predominant fruit trees and herbaceous vegetation cover: Bamboo (Bambusa metake), Canabrava (Gynerium sagittatum), Tephrosia vogelii, Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis, Dolichos lablab and leucocéfala Leucaaena, which can be integrated in areas to recover the soils, (Arachis hypogaea L.), Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Pea (Pisum sativum), Pea (Saccharum L.), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) And Maize (Zea mays), in the rehabilitated areas, thus ensuring adequate food availability to the population. |
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